scholarly journals A 2D Coupled Atmosphere–Ocean Model Study of Air–Sea Interactions during a Cold Air Outbreak over the Gulf Stream

2000 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijie Xue ◽  
Ziqin Pan ◽  
John M. Bane
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Stream ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Cold Air Outbreak ◽  
Model Study

Heat fluxes and roll circulations over the western Gulf Stream during an intense cold-air outbreak

1991 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu -Hsien Chou ◽  
Michael P. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Stream ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Cold Air Outbreak

scholarly journals Turbulent heat fluxes during an intense cold-air outbreak over the Kuroshio Extension Region: results from a high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean model

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy G. Jensen ◽  
Timothy J. Campbell ◽  
Richard A. Allard ◽  
Richard Justin Small ◽  
Travis A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Kuroshio Extension ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Turbulent Heat ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Cold Air Outbreak ◽  
Turbulent Heat Fluxes ◽  
The Kuroshio ◽  
Kuroshio Extension Region

Cold air outbreak over the Kuroshio extension region

OCEANS 2009 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Jensen ◽  
T. Campbell ◽  
T. A. Smith ◽  
R. J. Small ◽  
R. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Kuroshio Extension ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Cold Air Outbreak ◽  
The Kuroshio ◽  
Kuroshio Extension Region

Fresh water balance of the Gulf Stream system in a regional model study

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gerdes ◽  
A. Biastoch ◽  
R. Redler
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Gulf Stream ◽  
Regional Model ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Stream System

Using Satellite Altimeter and SST Observations of the 1997-1998 El Nino to Check the Key Ocean Processes Involved in a Strong El Nino.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Webb ◽  
Andrew Coward ◽  
Helen Snaith
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Satellite Altimeter ◽  
The North ◽  
Satellite Sst ◽  
Model Study ◽  
North Equatorial Counter Current ◽  
Equatorial Current

<p>A recent high-resolution ocean model study of the strong El Ninos of 1982-1983 and 1997-1998 highlighted a previously neglected ocean mechanism which was active during their growth.   The mechanism involved a weakening of both the Equatorial Current and the tropical instability eddies in mid-ocean.  It also involved an increase in the strength of the North Equatorial Counter Current due to the passage of the annual Rossby wave.</p><p>      This presentation reports how satellite altimeter and satellite SST data was used to validate the model results the key areas, confirming the changes in the current and eddy fields and the resulting eastward extension of the region of highest SST values.  The SST changes were sufficient to trigger new regions deep-atmospheric convection and so had the potential to have a significant impact on the development of the El Nino and the resulting changes in the large scale atmospheric circulation.</p>

scholarly journals A case study of snowstorm gusts and blowing/drifting snow

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Maki ◽  
Sento Nakai ◽  
Tsuruhei Yagi ◽  
Hideomi Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Gravity Current ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Radiosonde Data ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Drifting Snow ◽  
Cold Air Outbreak ◽  
Strong Winds

The mechanisms of strong winds associated with snow clouds, and the relationship between strong winds and blowing/drifting snow, were investigated. A snowstorm occurred with a typical L-mode snow band which was generated and organized longitudinally during a continental cold-air outbreak over the Sea of Japan. Doppler radar observations revealed that the snow band consisted of small echo cells arranged along the direction of the snow band. When one of the echo cells passed, blowing/drifting snow was generated and intensified by a snow cloud-induced gust, and the horizontal visibility near the ground surface was significantly decreased. Doppler radar and radiosonde data showed that the gust was due to the cold air outflow (CAO) from the snow clouds. The leading edge of the CAO was about 9 km ahead of the center of the snow cloud and the depth of the CAO was about 600 m near the forward flank of the snow cloud. The CAO was caused by a downdraft at the center of the snow cloud, which was initiated at a height of about 1.3 km and with a velocity in excess of 1 ms−1. The observed CAO speed was explained by the theory of the gravity current.

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